On Windows, a MySQL server can run as a Windows service. The procedures for installing, controlling, and removing a single MySQL service are described in Section 2.3.5.7, “Starting MySQL as a Windows Service”.
You can also install multiple MySQL servers as services. In this case, you must make sure that each server uses a different service name in addition to all the other parameters that must be unique for each server.
For the following instructions, assume that you want to run the
mysqld server from two different versions of
MySQL that are installed at C:\mysql-5.0.19
and C:\mysql-5.5.9,
respectively. (This might be the case if you are running 5.0.19
as your production server, but also want to conduct tests using
5.5.9.)
The following principles apply when installing a MySQL service
with the --install or
--install-manual option:
If you specify no service name, the server uses the default service name of
MySQLand the server reads options from the[mysqld]group in the standard option files.If you specify a service name after the
--installoption, the server ignores the[mysqld]option group and instead reads options from the group that has the same name as the service. The server reads options from the standard option files.If you specify a
--defaults-fileoption after the service name, the server ignores the standard option files and reads options only from the[mysqld]group of the named file.
In MySQL 5.5, all servers read the
[mysqld] group if they read the standard
option files, whether installed using the default service name
(MySQL) or another service name. This
enables you to use the [mysqld] group for
options that should be used by all MySQL services, and an
option group named after each service for use by the server
installed with that service name.
Based on the preceding information, you have several ways to set up multiple services. The following instructions describe some examples. Before trying any of them, be sure that you shut down and remove any existing MySQL services first.
Approach 1: Specify the options for all services in one of the standard option files. To do this, use a different service name for each server. Suppose that you want to run the 5.0.19 mysqld using the service name of
mysqld1and the 5.5.9 mysqld using the service namemysqld2. In this case, you can use the[mysqld1]group for 5.0.19 and the[mysqld2]group for 5.5.9. For example, you can set upC:\my.cnflike this:# options for mysqld1 service [mysqld1] basedir = C:/mysql-5.0.19 port = 3307 enable-named-pipe socket = mypipe1 # options for mysqld2 service [mysqld2] basedir = C:/mysql-5.5.9 port = 3308 enable-named-pipe socket = mypipe2
Install the services as follows, using the full server path names to ensure that Windows registers the correct executable program for each service:
C:\>
C:\mysql-5.0.19\bin\mysqld --install mysqld1C:\>C:\mysql-5.5.9\bin\mysqld --install mysqld2To start the services, use the services manager, or use NET START with the appropriate service names:
C:\>
NET START mysqld1C:\>NET START mysqld2To stop the services, use the services manager, or use NET STOP with the appropriate service names:
C:\>
NET STOP mysqld1C:\>NET STOP mysqld2Approach 2: Specify options for each server in separate files and use
--defaults-filewhen you install the services to tell each server what file to use. In this case, each file should list options using a[mysqld]group.With this approach, to specify options for the 5.0.19 mysqld-nt, create a file
C:\my-opts1.cnfthat looks like this:[mysqld] basedir = C:/mysql-5.0.19 port = 3307 enable-named-pipe socket = mypipe1
For the 5.5.9 mysqld, create a file
C:\my-opts2.cnfthat looks like this:[mysqld] basedir = C:/mysql-5.5.9 port = 3308 enable-named-pipe socket = mypipe2
Install the services as follows (enter each command on a single line):
C:\>
C:\mysql-5.0.19\bin\mysqld --install mysqld1--defaults-file=C:\my-opts1.cnfC:\>C:\mysql-5.5.9\bin\mysqld --install mysqld2--defaults-file=C:\my-opts2.cnfTo use a
--defaults-fileoption when you install a MySQL server as a service, you must precede the option with the service name.After installing the services, start and stop them the same way as in the preceding example.
To remove multiple services, use mysqld
--remove for each one, specifying a service name
following the --remove option. If the service
name is the default (MySQL), you can omit it.