12.4.1.1. CREATE USER Syntax

CREATE USER user_specification
    [, user_specification] ...

user_specification:
    user
    [
        IDENTIFIED BY [PASSWORD] 'password'
      | IDENTIFIED WITH auth_plugin [AS 'auth_string']
    ]

The CREATE USER statement creates new MySQL accounts. To use it, you must have the global CREATE USER privilege or the INSERT privilege for the mysql database. For each account, CREATE USER creates a new row in the mysql.user table and assigns the account no privileges. An error occurs if the account already exists.

Each account name uses the format described in Section 5.4.3, “Specifying Account Names”. For example:

CREATE USER 'jeffrey'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'mypass';

If you specify only the user name part of the account name, a host name part of '%' is used.

The user specification may indicate how the user should authenticate when connecting to the server:

  • To enable the user to connect with no password (which is insecure), include no IDENTIFIED BY clause:

    CREATE USER 'jeffrey'@'localhost';
    

    In this case, the server uses built-in authentication and clients must provide no password.

  • To assign a password, use IDENTIFIED BY with the literal plaintext password value:

    CREATE USER 'jeffrey'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'mypass';
    

    The server uses built-in authentication and clients must match the given password.

  • To avoid specifying the plaintext password if you know its hash value (the value that PASSWORD() would return for the password), specify the hash value preceded by the keyword PASSWORD:

    CREATE USER 'jeffrey'@'localhost'
    IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*90E462C37378CED12064BB3388827D2BA3A9B689';
    

    The server uses built-in authentication and clients must match the given password.

  • If the account should authenticate using a specific authentication plugin, use IDENTIFIED WITH. auth_plugin is an authentication plugin name. It can be an unquoted name or a quoted string literal. 'auth_string' is an optional quoted string literal to pass to the plugin. The plugin interprets the meaning of the string.

    CREATE USER 'jeffrey'@'localhost'
    IDENTIFIED WITH my_auth_plugin;
    

    The server uses the named plugin and clients must provide credentials as required for the authentication method that the plugin implements. If the server cannot find the plugin, an error occurs. IDENTIFIED WITH can be given as of MySQL 5.5.7.

The IDENTIFIED BY and IDENTIFIED WITH clauses are mutually exclusive, so at most one of them can be specified for a given user.

For additional information about setting passwords, see Section 5.5.5, “Assigning Account Passwords”.

Important

CREATE USER may be recorded in server logs or in a history file such as ~/.mysql_history, which means that plaintext passwords may be read by anyone having read access to that information. See Section 5.3.2, “Password Security in MySQL”.

Important

Some releases of MySQL introduce changes to the structure of the grant tables to add new privileges or features. Whenever you update to a new version of MySQL, you should update your grant tables to make sure that they have the current structure so that you can take advantage of any new capabilities. See Section 4.4.7, “mysql_upgrade — Check Tables for MySQL Upgrade”.

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